Admin
مدير المنتدى
عدد المساهمات : 18733
التقييم : 34733
تاريخ التسجيل : 01/07/2009
الدولة : مصر
العمل : مدير منتدى هندسة الإنتاج والتصميم الميكانيكى
 |  موضوع: كتاب AutoCAD For Dummies - 19 th Edition السبت 03 فبراير 2024, 10:32 pm | |
| 
أخواني في الله
أحضرت لكم كتاب
AutoCAD For Dummies - 19 th Edition
Ralph Grabowski
Learned to draft by hand at 16, has since written about CAD for 35 years
Previously authored by Bill Fane
و المحتوى كما يلي :
Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION . 1
About This Book .2
Foolish Assumptions .3
Conventions Used in This Book 3
Using the command line .3
Using aliases .4
Icons Used in This Book 4
Beyond the Book 5
Where to Go from Here 6
PART 1: GETTING STARTED WITH AUTOCAD . 7
CHAPTER 1: Introducing AutoCAD and AutoCAD LT . 9
Launching AutoCAD 10
Drawing in AutoCAD 11
Understanding Pixels and Vectors 14
The Cartesian Coordinate System .15
CHAPTER 2: The Grand Tour of AutoCAD . 17
Looking at AutoCAD’s Drawing Screen .18
For your information .21
Making choices from the Application menu .22
Unraveling the Ribbon .24
Getting with the Program 27
Looking for Mr. Status Bar 28
Using Dynamic Input .28
Let your fingers do the talking: The command line .29
The key(board) to AutoCAD success 30
Keeping tabs on palettes .34
Down the main stretch: The drawing area 34
Fun with F1 35
CHAPTER 3: A Lap around the CAD Track . 37
A Simple Setup .38
Drawing a (Base) Plate 43
Taking a Closer Look with Zoom and Pan 52
Modifying to Make It Merrier .53
Crossing your hatches .53
Now that’s a stretch .54
Following the Plot 57
Plotting the drawing .57
Today’s layer forecast: Freezing .60iv AutoCADFor Dummies
CHAPTER 4: Setup for Success 61
A Setup Roadmap 62
Choosing your units .62
Weighing up your scales 65
Thinking about paper 68
Defending your border .69
A Template for Success 69
Making the Most of Model Space .72
Setting your units .72
Making the drawing area snap-py (and grid-dy) 73
Setting linetype, text, and dimension scales .76
Entering drawing properties 77
Making Templates Your Own .77
CHAPTER 5: A Zoom with a View . 83
Panning and Zooming with Glass and Hand 84
The wheel deal 84
Navigating a drawing 85
Zoom, Zoom, Zoom .87
A View by Any Other Name 88
Degenerating and Regenerating 91
PART 2: LET THERE BE LINES . 93
CHAPTER 6: Along the Straight and Narrow . 95
Drawing for Success 96
Introducing the Straight-Line Drawing Commands 97
Drawing Lines and Polylines .98
Toeing the line 99
Connecting the lines with polyline 100
Squaring Off with Rectangles 105
Choosing Sides with POLygon .106
CHAPTER 7: Dangerous Curves Ahead . 109
Throwing Curves 109
Going Full Circle .110
Arc-y-ology .112
Solar Ellipses .114
Splines: Sketchy, Sinuous Curves 115
Donuts: Circles with a Difference 117
Revision Clouds on the Horizon .118
Scoring Points 120Table of Contents v
CHAPTER 8: Preciseliness Is Next to CADliness . 123
Controlling Precision .124
Understanding the AutoCAD Coordinate Systems 127
Keyboard capers: Coordinate input .128
Introducing user coordinate systems 128
Drawing by numbers 129
Grabbing an Object and Making It Snappy 131
Grabbing points with object snap overrides 132
Snap goes the cursor .134
Running with object snaps .135
Other Practical Precision Procedures .137
CHAPTER 9: Manage Your Properties 141
Using Properties with Objects .142
Using the ByLayer approach .142
Changing properties 144
Working with Layers .146
Accumulating properties 148
Creating new layers .149
Manipulating layers .156
Scaling an object’s linetype 158
Using Named Objects 159
Using AutoCAD DesignCenter .161
CHAPTER 10: Grabbing Onto Object Selection . 163
Commanding and Selecting .164
Command-first editing 164
Selection-first editing .164
Direct-object editing 164
Choosing an editing style 165
Selecting Objects 166
One-by-one selection .167
Selection boxes left and right 167
Tying up object selection 169
Perfecting Selecting 170
AutoCAD Groupies 173
Object Selection: Now You See It 173
CHAPTER 11: Edit for Credit . 175
Assembling Your AutoCAD Toolkit .175
The Big Three: Move, COpy, and Stretch 178
Base points and displacements .178
Move .180
COpy .181vi AutoCADFor Dummies
Copy between drawings .182
Stretch 183
More Manipulations .186
Mirror, mirror on the monitor 186
ROtate 188
SCale .189
-ARray 190
Offset .192
Slicing, Dicing, and Splicing .194
TRim and EXtend .194
BReak .196
Fillet, CHAmfer, and BLEND 197
Join .200
Other editing commands 202
Getting a Grip .203
When Editing Goes Bad 206
Dare to Compare 207
CHAPTER 12: Planning for Paper 209
Setting Up a Layout in Paper Space 212
The layout two-step .212
Put it on my tabs .215
Any Old Viewport in a Layout .216
Up and down the detail viewport scales .216
Keeping track of where you’re at 218
Practice Makes Perfect .219
Clever Paper Space Tricks 219
PART 3: IF DRAWINGS COULD TALK . 221
CHAPTER 13: Text with Character 223
Getting Ready to Write .224
Creating Simply Stylish Text .226
Font follies 227
Get in style 228
Taking Your Text to New Heights 230
Plotted text height 230
Calculating non-annotative AutoCAD text height 231
Entering Text .232
Using the Same Old Line .232
Saying More in Multiline Text .235
Making it with mText 235
mText dons a mask .238
Insert Field 239Table of Contents vii
Doing a number on your mText lists 239
Line up in columns — now! 242
Modifying mText .243
Turning On Annotative Objects 244
Gather Round the Tables .247
Tables have style, too .247
Creating and editing tables 249
Take Me to Your Leader 251
Electing a leader 251
Multi options for multileaders 254
CHAPTER 14: Entering New Dimensions 255
Adding Dimensions to a Drawing 256
Dimensioning the Legacy Way .257
A Field Guide to Dimensions 260
Self-centered 263
Quick, dimension! 263
Where, oh where, do my dimensions go? 264
The Latest Styles in Dimensioning .266
Creating dimension styles .269
Adjusting style settings 271
Changing styles 274
Scaling Dimensions for Output 275
Editing Dimensions 278
Editing dimension geometry .278
Editing dimension text 280
Controlling and editing dimension associativity .281
And the Correct Layer Is 282
CHAPTER 15: Down the Hatch! 283
Creating Hatches 284
Hatching Its Own Layer .287
Using the Hatches Tab .287
Scaling Hatches .290
Scaling the easy way 291
Annotative versus non-annotative 292
Pushing the Boundaries of Hatch 292
Adding style .293
Hatches from scratch .294
Editing Hatch Objects 296
CHAPTER 16: The Plot Thickens . 299
You Say “Printing,” I Say “Plotting” 300
The Plot Quickens .300viii AutoCADFor Dummies
Plotting success in 16 steps 300
Getting with the system .304
Configuring your printer .305
Preview one, two .307
Instead of fit, scale it 307
Plotting the Layout of the Land 309
Plotting Lineweights and Colors .311
Plotting with style 311
Plotting through thick and thin .316
Plotting in color 320
It’s a (Page) Setup! .321
Continuing the Plot Dialog 322
The Plot Sickens .325
PART 4: ADVANCING WITH AUTOCAD 327
CHAPTER 17: The ABCs of Blocks . 329
Rocking with Blocks 330
Creating Block Definitions 332
Inserting Blocks .336
Attributes: Fill-in-the-Blank Blocks .340
Creating attribute definitions 341
Defining blocks that contain attribute definitions .343
Inserting blocks that contain attribute definitions .343
Editing attribute values 344
Extracting data .344
Exploding Blocks 345
Purging Unused Block Definitions .345
CHAPTER 18: Everything from Arrays to Xrefs . 347
Arraying Associatively 349
Comparing the old and new ARray commands .350
Hip, hip, array! .351
Associatively editing 356
Going External 358
Becoming attached to your xrefs .360
Layer-palooza 362
Editing an external reference file .362
Forging an xref path 363
Managing xrefs 365
Blocks, Xrefs, and Drawing Organization 366
Mastering the Raster .367
Attaching a raster image 369
Maintaining your image .370Table of Contents ix
You Say PDF; I Say DWF 371
Theme and Variations: Dynamic Blocks .373
Now you see it .373
Lights! Parameters! Actions! 377
Manipulating dynamic blocks 379
CHAPTER 19: Call the Parametrics! . 381
Maintaining Design Intent 382
Defining terms .384
Forget about drawing with precision! 385
Constrain yourself 386
Understanding Geometric Constraints .386
Applying a little more constraint 388
Using inferred constraints .393
You AutoConstrain yourself! .394
Understanding Dimensional Constraints 395
Practice a little constraint 396
Making your drawing even smarter .398
Using Parameters Manager 400
Dimensions or constraints? Have it both ways! .403
Lunchtime! .406
CHAPTER 20: Drawing on the Internet 407
The Internet and AutoCAD: An Overview 407
You send me .408
Prepare it with eTransmit 408
Rapid eTransmit 409
Increasing cloudiness .411
Bad reception? .411
Help from Reference Manager .412
The Drawing Protection Racket 413
Outgoing! 414
Autodesk weather forecast: Increasing cloud .414
Your head planted firmly in the cloud .416
AutoCAD Web and Mobile 417
PART 5: ON A 3D SPREE 419
CHAPTER 21: It’s a 3D World After All 421
The 3.5 Kinds of 3D Digital Models .422
Tools of the 3D Trade 424
Warp speed ahead .425
Entering the third dimension .425
Untying the Ribbon and opening some palettes 426x AutoCAD For Dummies
Modeling from Above 428
Using 3D coordinate input .428
Using point filters 429
Object snaps and object snap tracking 429
Changing Work Planes .430
Displaying the UCS icon .430
Adjusting the UCS 431
Orbit à go-go 437
Taking a spin around the cube .438
Grabbing the SteeringWheels 440
Visualizing 3D Objects 440
On a Render Bender .442
CHAPTER 22: From Drawings to Models . 443
Is 3D for Me? .444
Getting Your 3D Bearings .445
Creating a better 3D template 445
Seeing the world from new viewpoints 450
From Drawing to Modeling in 3D 451
Drawing basic 3D objects 452
Gaining a solid foundation .453
Drawing solid primitives .454
Adding the Third Dimension to 2D Objects 455
Adding thickness to a 2D object 455
Extruding open and closed objects 455
Pressing and pulling closed boundaries .456
Lofting open and closed objects 456
Sweeping open and closed objects along a path 457
Revolving open or closed objects around an axis .458
Modifying 3D Objects 458
Selecting subobjects 459
Working with gizmos 459
More 3D variants of 2D commands .460
Editing solids 461
CHAPTER 23: It’s Showtime! . 465
Get the 2D Out of Here! 466
A different point of view .470
Additional 3D tricks .471
AutoCAD’s top model .472
Visualizing the Digital World 474
Adding Lights .475
Default lighting .475
User-defined lights .476
Sunlight .479Table of Contents xi
Creating and Applying Materials .479
Defining a Background .482
Rendering a 3D Model .484
CHAPTER 24: AutoCAD Plays Well with Others . 485
Get Out of Here! 485
Making a splash with PNG .486
PDF to the rescue 488
What the DWF? .489
3D print .490
But wait! There’s more! 491
Open Up and Let Me In! 491
Editing other drawing file formats 491
PDF editing 491
Translation, Please! 494
The Importance of Being DWG 495
PART 6: THE PART OF TENS 497
CHAPTER 25: Ten AutoCAD Resources . 499
Autodesk Discussion Groups 499
Autodesk’s Own Blogs 499
Autodesk University .500
Autodesk Channel on YouTube 500
World Wide (CAD) Web .500
Your Local Authorized Training Center .501
Your Local User Group .501
Autodesk User Groups International .502
Books 502
Autodesk Feedback Community .502
CHAPTER 26: Ten System Variables to Make Your
AutoCAD Life Easier 503
APERTURE 504
DIMASSOC .505
MENUBAR 505
MIRRTEXT 505
OSNAPZ 506
PICKBOX .506
REMEMBERFOLDERS .507
ROLLOVERTIPS and TOOLTIPS .507
TASKBAR .508
VISRETAIN 508
And the Bonus Round 508xii AutoCAD For Dummies
CHAPTER 27: Ten AutoCAD Secrets . 511
Sheet Sets 511
Custom Tool Palettes 512
Ribbon Customization .512
Toolsets 512
Programming Languages .512
Vertical Versions 513
Language Packs .513
Multiple Projects or Clients .514
Data Extraction and Linking .514
Untying the Ribbon and Drawings .514
INDEX 515
Aabs
olute Cartesian coordinates,
129, 428, 429
acad.dwt template, 39, 69
acadiso.dwt template, 69
acceleration, hardware, 424, 425
accuracy versus precision, 126
actions of dynamic blocks,
defining, 373–377
Adaptive Grid check box, 75
Add-a-Plot Style Table Wizard,
314–315
Add-a-Plotter Wizard, 307
add-ons, downloading, 21
Advanced Render Settings
palette, 427
aliases, 4, 30
Align Below Previous Attribute
Definition check box,
Attribute Definition dialog
box, 342
ALign command, 460
aligned dimensional
constraint, 396
aligning 3D objects, 460
ALL object selection, 170
Allow Exploding check box, Block
Definition dialog box, 334
Allow Subdivision Below Grid
Spacing check box, 75
Alternate Units tab, New/Modify
Dimension Style dialog
boxes, 274
Angle button, Hatch Creation
tab, 289
angle units, 63–64, 73
angled brackets, 33
angular dimensional
constraint, 396
angular precision setting, 73
ANIPATH command, 484
Annotation panel, Ribbon, 26
Annotation Scale setting, 76, 159
annotational dimensional
constraints, 403–405
Annotative check box, Block
Definition dialog box, 334
annotative dimensions, 255, 265,
273, 275
annotative hatching, 291–292
annotative objects, 224, 226, 233,
244–247
Annotative option, Hatch Creation
tab, 290
anonymous blocks, 471
ANSI31 hatch pattern, 53–54
APERTURE system variable, 504
APParent Intersection mode,
Object Snap, 135
Application menu, 18–19, 22–24
Arc command, 110, 111–112
Arc option, ELlipse command,
114, 115
arc segment, adding to polyline,
102–104
arcball, 437
architectural drawing scales, 67
Architectural units, 63, 72
arcs
drawing, 112–113
elliptical, 114, 115, 205
grip editing, 203–205
area selections, 171
ARray command, 192, 349,
350–351
-ARray command, 177,
190–192, 350
Array Creation contextual tab,
Ribbon, 352–354
Array option, COpy command,
181–182
ARRAYCLASSIC command, 350
ARRAYEDIT command, 176,
351, 357
ARRAYPATH command, 176,
355–356
ARRAYPOLAR command, 176, 354
ARRAYRECT command, 176, 349
arrays, 350–351. See also
associative arrays
arrowheads, 266
artifacts, 486
associative arrays
ARray command, 350–351
creating, 351–354
defined, 350
editing, 351, 356–358
overview, 192, 347
path arrays, 355–356, 357
polar arrays, 354–355
rectangular array, 349
versus simple arrays, 350–351
3D, 461
associative center lines, 263
associative dimensions, 267,
281, 383
associative hatching, 285, 291
Associative option, Hatch Creation
tab, 290
ATCs (Authorized Training
Centers), 501
Attach External Reference dialog
box, 360–361
Attach Image dialog box,
369–370
Attach PDF Underlay dialog box,
372, 373
attaching
DWF files as underlay, 372–373
raster images, 369–370
xrefs, 360–362
ATTdef command, 341
ATTDIA system variable, 344
Attribute Definition dialog
box, 341
Index516 AutoCAD For Dummies
attributes, block
creating definitions, 341–342
defining blocks containing
attribute definitions, 343
definitions, 335, 340
editing values, 344
exploding, 345
extracting data, 344–345
inserting blocks containing
attribute definitions, 343–344
overview, 330, 340
values, 340
AU (Autodesk University), 500
AUGI (Autodesk User Group
International), 502
Authorized Training Centers
(ATCs), 501
Auto Constrain, 394–395
AutoCAD
drawing in, 11–14
language packs, 513–514
launching, 10–11
shortcut icon, customizing, 514
AutoComplete feature, 30, 31
Autodesk accounts, signing in
to, 21
Autodesk collections, 513
Autodesk resources, 499–502
Autodesk University (AU), 500
Autodesk User Group
International (AUGI), 502
AutoLISP programming
language, 513
automatic update feature of
xrefs, 360
Automatically Add Scales
option, 291
Bba
ckground, in 3D models,
482–483
BACKGROUND command, 484
Background dialog box, 483–484
Background Mask dialog box, 239
background masking, 238–
239, 280
.bak file extension, 206
base plate and column drawing
copying objects, 49
creating layers, 43–45
crosshatching, adding, 53–54
drawing bolts, 46–47
drawing column, 50–51
drawing hexagon nut, 47–48
drawing plate, 46
freezing layers, 60
mirroring objects, 49
moving objects, 48–49
overview, 37–38
plotting, 57–60
saving drawing, 51
setting up new drawing, 38–43
stretching objects, 54–57
zooming and panning, 52
base points, 56, 178–179, 333
base view, defining, 468
BATTMAN command, 343
BEdit command, 340
bicycle drawing, 11–14
binding xrefs, 365–366
bitmapped images, 367, 487
black-and-white plotting, 300–304
BLEND command, 176, 197, 199
Block Attribute Manager, 343
block authoring, 349
Block Definition dialog box,
332–335
block definitions
creating, 332–335
defined, 330
purging unused, 345–346
Block Editor window, 374–376
blocks. See also dynamic blocks
anonymous, 471
applications, 367
attributes, 330, 340–345
benefits of using, 330–332
block definitions
creating, 332–335
defined, 330
inserting, 336–340
purging unused, 345–346
block insertions, 330
block redefinitions, 331, 333, 337
block tables, 330
defined, 330
exploding, 334, 345
inserting, 336–340
overview, 329–330, 348–349
versus xrefs, 359
blogs, Autodesk, 499
bolts, drawing, 46–47, 49
Boolean editing operations, 454,
461–462
borders, choosing, 69
boundaries, of hatches, 288
Boundaries panel, Hatch Creation
tab, 288
Boundary options, for views, 90
BOX command, 431
brackets, 33
BReak command, 176, 196–197
b-reps, 423
B-splines, 115
bulleted lists, 239–241
BURST command, 345
By Layer button, Hatch Creation
tab, 289
ByLayer approach, 142–144
CCa
rtesian coordinate system,
15–16, 428
center lines, 262, 263
Center Marks setting, New/Modify
Dimension Style dialog
boxes, 272
CENter mode, Object Snap,
135, 137
Center option, ELlipse
command, 114
Center the Plot check box, Plot
dialog box, 302
CENTERLINES command, 263
CENTERMARK command, 263Index 517
CHAmfer command, 176,
197–199, 463
CHAMFEREDGE command, 463
chamfering 3D solids, 463
Check Spelling dialog box,
243–244
child drawing, 339
CHSPACE command, 202
Circle command, 13, 47, 110–112
circles
drawing, 110–112
grip editing, 203–205
circular arcs, 103
Circumscribed option, POLygon
command, 47–48
Classic Array dialog box, 350
CLIP command, 366
Clipboard, Windows, 182
clipping
raster images, 370
xrefs, 366
cloning hatches, 293
Close command, Application
menu, 23
CLOSEALLOTHER command, 23
closed 2D objects
extruding, 455–456
lofting, 456–457
pressing and pulling
boundaries, 456
revolving, 458
sweeping, 457
cloud computing, 414–415
cloud storage, 414–417
coincident geometric constraint,
387, 390, 392
Collaborate panel, Ribbon, 26
collinear geometric constraint, 387
color
of drawing area, 10, 20
for layers, 44–45, 150–151
as object property, 148–149,
150–151
plotting, 320–321
color-dependent plot style tables
(CTBs), 313–316, 318, 319
color-dependent plot styles, 71,
311, 312, 313, 316
Column Settings dialog box, 242
columns, text, 236–237, 242–243
command line
accessing, 12
AutoComplete feature, 30, 31
bail out of operation, 32
brackets in, 33
coordinate entry, 96
default actions, accepting, 33
drawing techniques, 96
general discussion, 29–30
keyboard, entering commands
with, 30–34
locating, 20
option keyword message, 32
overview, 3–4, 12
pasting text into, 182
searching for layers on, 155
text window, enlarging, 32
command options, 33
command previews, 193
command-first editing, 164, 165,
170–173, 175. See also specific
commands
commands. See also specific
commands
aliases, 4, 30
on Application menu, 22–23
Dynamic Input, 28–29
finding on Ribbon, 105, 110
typing with keyboard, 30–34
commas, as X,Y separator, 12, 16
COMPARE command, 207–
208, 414
compatibility of file formats,
494–495
complex solids, 454
compound solids, 454
computing, cloud, 414–415
concentric geometric constraint,
387, 391–392
Conceptual visual style, 441
configuring printers, 304–307
Constrained mode, 3DOrbit, 438
constraint bar, 383, 390
Constraint Settings dialog box,
394–395, 399–400
constraints, 381, 384. See also
dimensional constraints;
geometric constraints
construction lines, 97–98
Continuous mode, 3DOrbit, 438
convert dimensional
constraint, 396
Convert to Block radio button,
Block Definition dialog
box, 335
CONVERTPSTYLES command, 313
coordinate input, 96, 125, 428–429
coordinate systems, 127–131
COpy command, 49, 176, 178–179,
181–182
COPYCLIP command, 182
copying objects, 49, 181–182
CPolygon object selection, 170
Crosshatch command, 53–54
crosshatches. See hatches
crossing object selection, 168,
169, 170
crossing selection boxes, 54–55,
183–186
crossing-polygon selection,
171, 186
CTBs (color-dependent plot style
tables), 313–316, 318, 319
CUI (Customizable User Interface)
file, 144
culling, 459
CULLINGOBJ system variable, 459
CULLINGOBJSELECTION system
variable, 459
current layers, 155
current properties, 145
curves, drawing
arcs, 112–113
circles, 110–112
commands for, 110
donuts, 117–118
ellipses, 114–115
overview, 109
point objects, 120–122518 AutoCADFor Dummies
curves, drawing (continued)
from polylines, 99
revision clouds, 118–120
splines, 115–117
custom grips, 379–380
custom hatch patterns, 289
custom linetypes, 154
custom templates, 77–81
custom tool palettes, 512
Customizable User Interface (CUI)
file, 144
cylindrical coordinates, 429
Ddas
h-dot linetypes, 64, 76
Data Extraction Wizard, 344–345
DATAEXTRACTION command,
251, 514
DATALINK commands, 251
DDE (Direct distance entry) mode,
125, 138
DDPTYPE command, 121
Decimal Degrees, 63
decimal delimiter, 12, 16
Decimal units, 63
default actions, accepting, 33
default display configuration, 20
default drawing templates, 69–71
default first break point, 196
default lighting, 475–476
default value or option, 33
DEFAULTLIGHTING system
variable, 476
deferred object snaps, 134
defined working area, 41
definition points, 266
definitions, attribute
creating, 341–342
defining blocks containing, 343
inserting blocks containing,
343–344
overview, 335, 340
definitions, block
creating, 332–335
defined, 330
inserting, 336–340
purging unused, 345–346
Deg/Min/Sec units, 64
Delete Duplicate Objects tool, 202
Delete radio button, Block
Definition dialog box, 335
DELOBJ system variable, 456
Descartes, René, 15–16
design intent, maintaining,
382–386, 399–400
Design Web Format (DWF) files
attaching as underlay, 372–373
creating, 371
exporting, 489–490
overview, 329, 348, 371
securing, 413–414
DesignCenter palette,
161–162, 338
detaching xrefs, 365
DGN files, 348
diameter dimensional
constraint, 396
Diameter setting for circles, 110
diazo machines, 300
DIESEL programming
language, 513
digital signatures, 414
DIM command, 256–257
DimALigned command, 261
DimANgle command, 261
DimARc command, 262
DIMASSOC system variable,
281, 505
DimBaseline command, 263
DIMBREAK command, 278, 281
DIMCENTER command, 262
DimCOntinue command, 263
DimDIameter command,
261–262
DimDisAssociate command, 281
Dimension Style Manager dialog
box, 269, 270, 271
dimensional constraints
applying, 396, 399
design intent, maintaining,
399–400
dynamic and annotational,
403–405
example of, 397–398
filtering parameters, 402–403
formatting appearance of,
399–400
overview, 384, 395–396
Parameters Manager, 400–403
using with geometric
constraints, 405
dimensions
adding to drawings, 256–257
annotative, 255, 265, 273, 275
associative, 267, 281, 383
commands for, 260–264
DimLInear command, 257–260
editing, 278–281
exploded, 267–268, 280
on layers, 282
lines, 266
non-associative, 267
overview, 225–226, 255
parts of, 266
placing, 264–265
reasons to use, 259
scaling for output, 275–277
styles, 266–274
substyles, 271
subunits, 274
system variables, using with, 267
text, 266, 281
DimJOgged command, 262
DIMJOGLINE command, 279
DimLInear command, 257–260
DimORdinate command, 262
DimRAdius command, 261–262
DIMREASSOCiate command, 281
DIMREGEN command, 281
DIMSCALE system variable, 273
DIMSPACE command, 279
Dimstyle command, 269
Direct distance entry (DDE) mode,
125, 138
direct-object editing, 164–165Index 519
discussion groups, Autodesk,
499–500
displacements, 56, 178–179
Display Dotted Grid in 2D Model
Space check box, 75
Display Grid Beyond Limits check
box, 76
distant lights, 477
dithering, 320
DLine command, 103
document tabs, 19
DOnut command, 110, 117–118
DOS screen menu, 509
double floating-point precision, 91
double period (..), 364
downloading add-ons, 21
Drafting & Annotation workspace,
21, 26–27
Drafting Settings dialog box,
41–42, 74–76
dragging and dropping blocks, 338
Draw panel, Ribbon, 97, 110
drawing. See also setup, drawing;
specific objects; specific tools
base plate and column example
creating layers, 43–45
crosshatching, adding, 53–54
drawing objects, 45–51
freezing layers, 60
overview, 37–38
plotting, 57–60
setting up new drawing, 38–43
stretching objects, 54–57
zooming and panning, 52
basic 3D objects, 452–453
basic bicycle, 11–14
generating from 3D models,
466–471
on paper versus
electronically, 65
drawing area, 34–35
drawing limits, setting, 40–41
drawing properties, for model
space setup, 77
drawing scale
common, 67
versus drawing scale factor, 66
for model space setup, 76
overview, 65–68
in paper versus model space
layouts, 219
text, 230–231
viewport, 216–218
drawing scale factor, 66, 190, 230,
231, 292
Drawing Units dialog box, 63,
72–73
Drawing Utilities command,
Application menu, 23
Drawing View Creation tab,
Ribbon, 467–468
Drawing View Editor tab,
Ribbon, 469
drawing window, 18, 19
DRaworder command, 370
driven dimensions, 395
driving dimensions, 395, 396
Dropbox Professional, 411
DWF files. See Design Web Format
files
DWFFORMAT command, 490
DWFx files, 371, 490
DWG Compare palette, 208
DWG files
files commonly referenced
by, 409
inserting, 337–338
overview, 495–496
securing, 413–414
sending, 407–409
xref path settings, 363–364
dynamic blocks
manipulating, 379–380
overview, 331, 349, 373
parameters and actions,
defining, 377–379
visibility states, 373–377
dynamic columns, 242, 243
dynamic dimensional constraints,
403–405
Dynamic Input, 28–29, 39, 96
Dynamic UCS, 431–432
EEA
TTEDIT command, 344
edges of 3D models, 423
Edit Attributes dialog box,
343–344
Edit Block Definition dialog box,
334, 374, 377–379
Edit Drawing Scales dialog box,
214, 246
editing. See also grip editing;
specific commands
associative arrays, 351, 356–358
attribute values, 344
choosing style, 165–166
command-first, 164, 165,
170–173, 175
dimensional constraints,
400–403
dimensions, 278–281
direct-object, 164–165
group selection, 173
hatches, 296–297
object properties, 201–202
in other file formats, 491–495
overview, 163
PDF files, 491–494
selecting objects, 166–170
selection-first, 164
solid 3D objects, 461–464
tables, 249–251
text, 235
toolkit for, 175–178
visibility of objects, controlling,
173–174
xrefs, 362–363
electronic paper, 65
ELEVATION system variable, 430
ELlipse command, 110, 114520 AutoCAD For Dummies
ellipses, drawing, 114–115
elliptical arcs, 114, 115, 205
ENDpoint mode, Object Snap,
135, 137
Engineering units, 63, 72
enhanced secondary window
(ESW), 339
equal geometric constraint,
387, 391
Equal X and Y Spacing check
box, 75
Erase command, 171, 173, 176
ETRANSMIT command, 409–411
ex-lines, 97–98
EXPLODE command, 176, 197
exploding
blocks, 334, 345
dimensions, 267–268, 280
EXPort command, 22, 487
EXPORTDWF command, 490
exporting files, 485–491
Express Tools, 25, 27
EXtend command, 176, 194–196
extension lines, 266
EXTension mode, Object Snap, 135
extents, 87–88
Extents option, Zoom command,
87–88
External Reference tab,
Ribbon, 363
external reference (xref) files
advantages of, 359–360
applications, 366–367
attaching, 360–362
automatic update feature, 360
versus blocks, 359
clipping, 366
editing, 362–363
layers, 362
managing, 365–366
Overlay mode, 361–362
overview, 331, 332, 347–348,
358–360
path settings, 361, 363–365
receiving drawings with, 411–412
External References palette, 348,
365–366, 370
extracting data, 344–345, 514
EXTrude command, 455–456
FF1
key, 35–36
faces of 3D models, 423, 482
fading objects on locked
layers, 157
Feedback Community portal,
Autodesk, 502
feet, entering numeric values in,
130–131
Fence object selection, 170
file formats. See also specific file
formats
compatibility issues, 494–495
editing in other, 491–495
for exporting files, 485–491
overview, 485
saving files, 79
file management, 21–22
File Transfer Protocol (FTP), 411
files
cloud storage, 414–417
plotting to, 323
receiving, 407–408, 411–412
securing, 413–414
sending, 407–409
FILlet command, 50, 176,
197–199, 463
FILLETEDGE command, 463
filleting 3D solids, 463
filtering parameters, 402–403
filters, layer, 157
Find and Replace dialog box,
243–244
Fit tab, New/Modify Dimension
Style dialog boxes, 273
Fit to Paper option, Plot dialog
box, 68, 302
Fit to Paper scale, 308, 311
fix geometric constraint,
387, 389
fixed height, 229–230
FLATSHOT command, 473
floating viewports, 446
folder for AutoCAD drawing
templates, 78
Folders tab, DesignCenter
palette, 161
Follow Dynamic UCS check box, 76
fonts, 226, 227–228, 411–412,
493–494
fractional units, 63
Free mode, 3DOrbit, 437
freezing layers, 60, 156, 220
FTP (File Transfer Protocol), 411
Full Navigation wheel, 440
full path, xref, 363
full-screen mode, 10
Ggen
eric user-defined lights, 476
geographic data, 339
Geometric CEnter mode, Object
Snap, 135
geometric constraints
applying, 388–393
Auto Constrain, 394–395
inferred constraints, 393–394
overview, 384, 386–388
removing, 388
using with dimensional
constraints, 405
visibility of, 388
geometric tolerances, 274
gizmos, working with, 459–460
glyphs, 477
Google Drive, 411
gradient fills, 296
grads, 64
graphic screen, 10, 20
GRAPHICSCONFIG command, 425
Grid Behavior settings, 75–76
Grid display mode, 124
grid settings, 41–42, 73–76Index 521
grip editing
arrays, 352–353
of dimensions, 278
hatches, 297
overview, 164–165, 203–205
polylines, 102
splines, 116
text, 243
3D solids, 461, 462
grips, 164–165, 203
group filter, 157
group selection, 173
grouping, with blocks, 330, 331
Hhal
f-size plots, 308, 311
handles, 165
hardware acceleration, 424, 425
Hatch and Gradient dialog box,
294–295
Hatch command, 285, 297
Hatch Creation tab, Ribbon, 53,
284, 287–290
Hatch Editor contextual tab,
Ribbon, 296–297
Hatch Gap option, 136
Hatch Transparency button, Hatch
Creation tab, 289
hatches
adding style to, 293–294
associative hatching, 285
background masking, 238–239
in base plate and column
drawing, 53–54
creating, 284–286, 293–294
editing, 296–297
Hatch Creation tab, using,
287–290
Hatch Gap option, 136
overview, 283–284
patterns, 288–289, 295–296
placing on layer, 285, 287
scaling, 290–292
solid fills, 296
unit types in, 64
HELIX command, 452
Help menu, 35–36
hexagon nut, drawing, 47–48, 49
Hidden visual style, 441
HIDEOBJECTS command, 157, 174
History tab, DesignCenter
palette, 162
Home panel, Ribbon, 26
Home tab, 3D Modeling
workspace, 426
home view, 439–440
horizontal (X) coordinate, 16
horizontal dimensional constraint,
396, 399
horizontal geometric constraint,
387, 390
host drawing, 359
Iic
ons, used in book, 4–5
imperial units, 38–43, 62–63, 270
implied windowing, 167–168, 169
Import command, Application
menu, 22
Import PDF dialog box, 492, 493
in-canvas viewport control, 446
inches, entering numeric values in,
130–131
inferred constraints, 124, 131,
393–394
InfoCenter, 21
In-Place Text Editor, 235, 237, 240
Inscribed option, POLygon
command, 47–48
Insert dialog box, 336–337
Insert Field option, mText
command, 239
Insert panel, Ribbon, 26
Insert Table dialog box, 249–250
inserting blocks, 330, 336–340
INSertion mode, Object Snap, 135
Insertion Scale setting, 73
Internet features
cloud services, 414–417
ETRANSMIT command, 409–411
FTP, 411
mobile devices, 417–418
overview, 407–408
preparing files to send, 408–409
receiving files, 407–408, 411–412
Reference Manager utility,
412–413
securing files, 413–414
sending files, 407–408
types of files DWG files
commonly referenced, 409
Internet resources for AutoCAD,
500–501
INtersect command, 461, 462
INTersection mode, Object
Snap, 135
Inventor files, 338, 472–474
island detection, 288
ISOLATEobjects command,
157, 174
isolating layers, 157
isolating objects, 174
isometric projection, 470
isometric views, 436–437, 450, 470
JJo
in command, 176, 200–202
JPG file format, 323, 486
justification, text, 232
Kkey
boards
coordinate entry with, 128–129
typing commands with, 30–34
Llan
guage packs, 513–514
Last object selection, 170
launching AutoCAD, 10–11
Layer Properties Manager palette,
44, 46, 143, 149, 150–154,
156, 220
layer states, 156–157
Layer States Manager dialog
box, 157522 AutoCADFor Dummies
layers
assigning materials by, 481
ByLayer properties, 142–144
color settings, 44–45
creating, 43–45, 149–155
dimensions on, 282
filters, creating, 157
freezing, 60, 156, 220
hatches, placing on, 285, 287
isolating, 157
locking, 156, 157
manipulating, 156
named objects, 160
names of, 150
organizing objects on, 97
overview, 43, 45, 146–148
revision clouds, 119–120
searching on command line, 155
standards, 146
switching between, 47
toggling on/off, 156
working effectively with, 155
xref, 362
LAYISO command, 157
LAYLOCKFADECTL system
variable, 157
layout tabs, 20, 215
LEADER command, 252
leader landing, 252
leaders
defined, 223
multiline, 251–254
Length Precision setting, 73
length units, 63, 72
LENgthen command, 177, 196
lighting, in 3D models, 475–479
Lighting setting, 73
LIGHTINGUNITS system
variable, 476
Lights in Model palette, 427, 478
limits, 87
Line command
alternatives to, 103
base plate, drawing, 46
bicycle drawing, 13
drawing lines with, 99–100
versus PLine command, 98–99
on Ribbon, 97
using object snap tools with,
125–127, 132–133
linear dimensional constraint, 396,
397, 399
lines, drawing
alternatives to Line and PLine
commands, 103
grip editing, 203–205
with Line command, 98–100
overview, 95–96
polygons, 106–107
polylines, 98–99, 100–104
rectangles, 105
straight-line drawing commands,
97–98
stretching, 184–185
techniques for, 96–97
3D, 452
Lines tab, New/Modify Dimension
Style dialog boxes, 272
linetypes
custom, 154
definition, 154
loading, 151–152, 154
for model space setup, 76
overview, 148
scales, 158–159
selecting, 151–152
Lineweight dialog box, 152–
153, 155
lineweights
overview, 148
for plotting, 60, 316–320
properties and scale,
adjusting, 155
selecting, 152–153
toggling on/off, 155
LIVESECTION command, 473
local user groups, 501
Lock Position check box, Attribute
Definition dialog box,
341, 342
locking
layers, 156, 157
viewports, 214, 217
LOFT command, 456–457
MM2P
mode, Object Snap, 135, 137
Macro Recorder, 512–513
Manage panel, Ribbon, 26
manipulating layers, 156
masking, background,
238–239, 280
Match properties option, Hatch
Creation tab, 201, 290,
293, 297
materials, in 3D models, 479–482
Materials Browser palette, 427,
479–481
Materials Editor palette, 427,
480–481
MBUTTONPAN system variable, 85
MEASUREINIT system variable,
64–65, 270
MEASUREMENT system variable,
64–65, 270
medium, 480
MENUBAR system variable, 505
mesh surfaces, 422
Mesh tab, 3D Modeling
workspace, 427
MIDpoint mode, Object Snap,
135, 137
MIRRHATCH system variable, 297
MIrror command, 49, 177,
186–187, 297
MIRROR3D command, 461
mirroring objects, 49, 461
MIRRTEXT system variable, 187,
505–506
MLeaDer command, 251–253
MLeaderAlign command, 254
MLeaderCollect command, 254
MLeaderEdit command, 254
mleaders, 251–254
MLeaderStyle command, 254Index 523
MLine command, 103
mobile devices, 417–418
model geometry, 209
model space
adding text and dimensions in,
225, 264–265
drawing properties, 77
drawing scale, 76
linetypes, setting, 76
overview, 34, 209–212
versus paper space, 68, 218
plotting in, 300–304
setup of, 72–77
snap and grid settings, 73–76
units types, choosing, 72–73
viewports, 445–450
Model tab, 215
modify commands, 175–178,
206–207. See also specific
commands
Modify Dimension Style dialog
box, 271–274
monochrome plotting,
300–304
monochrome.ctb plot style
table, 58
Move command, 48, 177–181
moving objects, 48–49
MREDO command, 206
mText command
background masking, 238–239
bulleted and numbered lists,
239–241
columns, 236–237, 242–243
Insert Field option, 239
modifying, 243–244
overview, 224, 232, 235–238
Mtext Edit option, 243
MTJIGSTRING system variable, 509
multiline leaders, 251–254
multilines, 103
Multiple Lines check box, Attribute
Definition dialog box, 341
multiscale drawings, 276–277
MVSETUP command, 473
Nnam
ed objects, 159–162
named page setups, 321
named plot style tables (STBs),
313–316
named plot styles, 311, 313, 316
named UCS, 433–436
named views, 88–91, 483
names, of layers, 150
Navigate 2D panel, 86
Navigate panel, 86, 87
Navigation bar, 85
NCOPY command, 345
NEArest mode, Object Snap, 135
.NET programming language, 513
NEW command, 22, 69, 71
New Dimension Style dialog box,
270–274
New Page Setup dialog box, 212
New Table Style dialog box, 248
New View/Shot Properties dialog
box, 89–90
NODe mode, Object Snap, 135
non-annotative hatches, 292
non-associative array, 190
non-associative dimensions, 267
None button, Hatch Creation
tab, 289
non-orthogonal line, 256
non-system drivers, 305, 307, 326
Non-Uniform Rational B-Spline
curve, 115
noun-verb editing, 164
nudging, 178
numbered lists, 239–241
NURBS curve, 115
NURBS surfaces, 422
nuts, drawing, 47–48, 49
OObj
ect ARX programming
language, 513
object lineweights, controlling
plotted lineweights with, 317
Object option, Zoom command, 88
object properties. See also layers
ByLayer approach, 142–144
changing, 144–145
controlling, 142–145
DesignCenter palette, 161–162
editing, 201–202
linetype scale, 158–159
named objects, 159–160
overview, 77, 141
useful, 148–149
object snap tracking, 125,
138–139, 429–430
object snaps (osnaps)
deferred, 134
defined, 125
with dimensions, 257–259
grip editing, 203–205
modes, 135
overrides, 125, 131, 132–134
running, 131, 132, 135–137
Snap mode versus, 140
3D modeling, 429–430
using, 125–127
objects
annotative, 224, 226, 233,
244–247
assigning materials to, 482
copying, 49, 181–182
creating 3D, from 2D, 455–458
groups of, 173
hiding, 157
isolating, 157
mirroring, 49
moving, 48–49
named, 159–162
organizing on layers, 97
selecting, 166–170
stretching, 183–186
visibility of, 173–174
offset, plot, 324
OFFset command, 50–51, 103,
177, 192–194
offset distance, 192524 AutoCADFor Dummies
one-by-one selection, 167
OOPS command, 173, 206
open 2D objects
extruding, 455–456
lofting, 456–457
pressing and pulling
boundaries, 456
revolving, 458
sweeping, 457
Open command, Application
menu, 22
Open Documents feature, 23
Open Drawings tab, DesignCenter
palette, 162
option keyword, 32
Options dialog box, 23, 86,
165–166, 305–306
orbiting 3D models, 437–438
Origin option, Hatch Creation
tab, 290
Ortho mode, 125, 137–138,
184, 185
orthographic views, 436–437, 450
osnaps
deferred, 134
defined, 125
with dimensions, 257–259
grip editing, 203–205
modes, 135
overrides, 125, 131, 132–134
running, 131, 132, 135–137
Snap mode versus, 140
3D modeling, 429–430
using, 125–127
OSNAPZ system variable, 430, 506
Output panel, Ribbon, 26
Output tab, 3D Modeling
workspace, 427
OVERKILL command, 177, 202
Overlay option, xrefs, 361–362
PPa
ge Setup dialog box, 213, 313
Page Setup Manager dialog box,
212, 321–322
page setups, 321–322
PAGESETUP command, 212–213
palettes, 34
Pan command, 85
panning, 52, 83–85
paper size, 301
paper space
adding text and dimensions in,
225, 265
differentiating from model
space, 218
drawing scale and plotting
in, 219
versus model space layout, 68
overview, 34–35, 57, 209–212
plotting, 309–311
setup of, 212–215
tabs, 215
tips for, 219–220
viewport scales, 216–218
viewport setup, 213–214
paper text height, 230–231
paper versus electronic drafting,
scale in, 65
Paragraph dialog box, 241
paragraph text, 232
parallel geometric constraint,
387, 391
PARallel mode, Object Snap, 135
parallel projection, 438
parallel views, 437
parameter, defined, 384
Parameters Manager, 400–403
parameters of dynamic blocks,
defining, 373–377
parametric drawing. See also
dimensional constraints;
geometric constraints
compatibility issues, 495
constraints, 384–385
design intent, maintaining,
382–386
overview, 381–382
precision, 385–386
speed of, 406
Parametric panel, Ribbon, 26, 383
parent drawing, 339
password protection, 413–414
PASTEBLOCK command, 182
PASTECLIP command, 182
path arrays, 355–356, 357
paths, xref, 361, 363–365, 366
Pattern panel, Hatch Creation tab,
288–289
patterns, hatch, 288–289, 295–296
PC3 files, 323
PDF files
attaching as underlay, 372–373
creating, 371
editing, 491–494
exporting, 488–489
plotting to, 323
saving drawings as, 413
PDFIMPORT command, 492
PDMODE system variable, 122
PDSIZE system variable, 122
PEdit (Polyline Edit) command,
116, 177, 203
period (.), as decimal delimiter,
12, 16
perpendicular geometric
constraint, 387, 391
PERpendicular mode, Object
Snap, 135
perspective projection, 438
PERSPECTIVE system variable, 437
perspective views, 437
photometric user-defined
lights, 476
PICKBOX system variable, 506
pixels, 14–15
plan view, 437
PLine command
alternatives to, 103
arc segment, adding, 102–104
drawing polylines, 100–102
versus Line command, 98–99
on Ribbon, 97
types of polylines, 104
PLINEREVERSEWIDTHS system
variable, 202Index 525
p-lines. See polylines
PLOT command, 65, 66, 487
Plot dialog box
Fit to Paper option, 68
model space plotting, 301–304
options in, 322–325
paper space plotting, 309–311
plotting drawings, 58–59
Plot Object Lineweights check
box, 317
plot offset, 324
Plot Scale Confirm dialog box, 58
plot stamps, 324
Plot Style Table Editor dialog box,
314–315
plot style tables, 313
plot styles, 71, 148, 153, 311–316
plotted text height, 230–231
Plotter Configuration Editor dialog
box, 323
plotting
base plate and column drawing,
57–60
in color, 320–321
configuring printers, 304–307
lineweights, 316–320
in model space, 300–304
overview, 299
page setups, 321–322
paper space layout, 309–311
in paper versus model space
layouts, 219
Plot dialog box options, 322–325
plot styles, 311–316
previewing, 307
printing versus, 300
scaling for, 307–309
sending to service bureaus,
318–319
troubleshooting, 325–326
plotting convention, 325
PNG files, 323, 486–488
point filters, 429
point lights, 477
point objects, 120–122
Point Style dialog box, 121–122
points, 120
polar arrays, 354–355
Polar tracking mode, 125, 139, 184
PolarSnap mode, 124, 139
POLygon command, 47–48, 97,
106–107
Polyline Edit (PEdit) command,
116, 177, 203
polylines
alternatives to PLine
command, 103
arc segment, adding, 102–104
curves made from, 99
drawing, 100–102
grip editing, 102
Line versus PLine command,
98–99
offsetting, 192–193
PEdit command, 116
3D, 452, 453
types of polylines, 104
width of, 99, 101–102
precision
accuracy versus, 126
additional techniques, 137–140
deferred object snaps, 134
importance of precision, 124
object snap modes, 135
object snap overrides, 131,
132–134
object snap tools, 125–127
overview, 96, 123, 124–125
parametric drawing, 385–386
running object snaps, 135–137
world coordinate system,
127–131
predefined hatch patterns, 295
presets, render, 484
PRESSPULL command, 456
preview feature, 307
Previous object selection, 170
Previous option, Zoom
command, 88
Primary Units tab, New/Modify
Dimension Style dialog boxes,
273–274
primitive solids, 454
Print command, Application
menu, 23
printers
configuring, 304–307
drivers, 305, 307, 325–326
selecting, 213, 301
3D, 490–491
troubleshooting, 325–326
printing, 299. See also plotting
programming languages, 512–513
projection modes, 438
properties, object. See object
properties
properties, of hatches, 289
Properties palette, 144–145, 201,
243, 278
Properties panel, Hatch Creation
tab, 289
property filter, 157
Publish command, Application
menu, 22
Publish dialog box, 371
PUrge command, 160, 345–346
Purge dialog box, 160, 346
QQD
IM command, 263–264
qLEader command, 252
QNEW command, 79
QUAdrant mode, Object Snap, 135
Quick Access toolbar, 19, 57
Quick Properties palette, 144–145,
201, 243
Rrad
ial dimensional constraint, 396
radians, 64526 AutoCAD For Dummies
Radius setting for circles, 110
raster images
attaching, 369–370
exporting, 486–488
incorporating, 368
managing, 370–371
overview, 14, 348, 367–368
RAY command, 97–98
Realistic visual style, 441
Realtime option, Zoom
command, 88
real-time panning, 84
receiving files, 407–408, 411–412
Recent Documents feature, 23
RECtang command, 50, 97, 105
rectangular array, 349
Redo button, Quick Access
menu, 207
REDO command, 206
Reference Manager utility,
412–413
REgen command, 91–92
REgenAll command, 92
regenerating drawings, 91–92
REGENMODE system variable, 92
regular polygons, 97, 106–107
relative Cartesian coordinates,
129, 428
Relative Path option, 364
relative polar coordinates, 129,
428, 429
reloading xrefs, 365
remember icon, 5
REMEMBERFOLDERS system
variable, 507
RENDER command, 484
RENDERCROP command, 484
rendering
background, 482–483
lighting, 475–479
materials, 479–482
overview, 442, 474–475
presets, 484
restoring named views, 90–91
Retain radio button, Block
Definition dialog box, 335
REVCLOUD command, 110,
118–119
REVERSE command, 177, 202
revision clouds, 118–120, 208
revision numbers, 120
revolving 2D objects, 458
Rewind tool, 440
Ribbon. See also specific tabs and
options
customizing, 24–25, 512, 514
Drafting & Annotation
workspace, 26–27
finding commands on, 105, 110
opening panels on, 24, 25
overview, 19
3D Modeling workspace,
426–427
rollover highlighting, 171
ROLLOVERTIPS system
variable, 507
ROtate command, 177, 188–189
Rotation option, ELlipse
command, 114
running object snaps, 131, 132,
135–137, 257
SSa
ve As command, Application
menu, 22
Save Changes to Layout check
box, Plot dialog box, 303
Save command, Application
menu, 22
Save Drawing As dialog box, 77–79
saving drawing setup, 42–43
scale, drawing. See drawing scale
SCale command, 67, 177, 189–190
scale factor, 66, 190, 230, 231, 292
Scale Uniformly check box, Block
Definition dialog box, 334
scaling
dimensions, 275–277
hatches, 290–292
for plotting, 307–309
scientific units, 63
screening, 311, 312
scroll bars, turning on, 86
scroll wheel, zooming and panning
with, 84–85
Search feature, 24
second point, 179
SECTIONPLANE command, 473
SECTIONPLANEJOG command, 473
SECTIONPLANETOBLOCK
command, 473
security features, 413–414,
416–417
Select Color dialog box, 44–45,
150–151
Select Linetype dialog box,
151–152
Select Template dialog box, 69,
70, 71
selecting objects, 166–170
Selection Cycling button, 173
selection preview features, 171
selection set, 167, 169–170
selection window, 167–168, 169
selection-first editing, 164
self-scaling annotations, 495
sending files
cloud services, 414–417
ETRANSMIT command, 409–411
FTP, 411
on mobile devices, 417–418
overview, 407–409
securing files, 413–414
service bureaus, 318–319
SETBYLAYER command, 144
setup, drawing, 38–43
borders, choosing, 69
custom templates, 77–81
default drawing templates,
69–71
drawing properties, 77
drawing scale, 65–68, 76
drawing scale factor, 66
linetypes, setting, 76
model space setup, 72–77
model space versus paper space
layout, 68
overview, 61–62Index 527
snap and grid settings, 73–76
units types, choosing, 62–65,
72–73
Shaded visual style, 441
Shaded with Edges visual
style, 441
Shades of Gray visual style, 441
shadows, 478
sheet sets, 325, 511–512
shortcut icon, customizing, 514
SHX fonts, 227, 493–494
single period (.), 364
single-line text, 232
sketches, 455
Sketchy visual style, 442
SLice command, 463–464
smart breaks, 278
smooth geometric constraint, 387
Snap and Grid tab, Drafting
Settings dialog box, 74
Snap mode, 124, 137, 140, 259
snap settings, 41–42, 73–76
social networks links, 21
SOLDRAW command, 473
solid fills, 296
solid modeling
editing, 461–464
overview, 423, 453–454
Solid tab, 3D Modeling
workspace, 427
SOLPROF command, 473
SOLVIEW command, 473
source object, 200
spacebar, pressing, 12
spaces, 34–35
special effects, 226
Spell Check, 243–244
spherical coordinates, 429
SPLine command, 110, 116, 452
splines, 115–117, 452
spotlights, 477
square brackets, 33
stamps, plot, 324
standardization through
customization, 294
Start screen, 18
static columns, 242, 243
status bar, 20, 28, 57, 127,
130, 359
STBs (named plot style tables),
313–316
SteeringWheels, 440
STereoLithography (STL) file
format, 490–491
Still option, for views, 90
Stretch command, 54–57, 177,
178–179, 183–186
styles
dimension, 266–274
hatches, 293–294
multileaders, 254
plot, 311–316
tables, 247–249
text, 226–230, 233
sub-d modeling, 422
subobject selection, 423, 459
substyles, dimension, 271
SUbtract command, 461, 462
subunits, dimension, 274
Sun Properties palette, 427, 479
surface modeling, 422
Surface tab, 3D Modeling
workspace, 427
Surveyor’s Units, 64
.sv$ file extension, 207
SWEEP command, 457
symbol library, 335
Symbols and Arrows tab, New/
Modify Dimension Style
dialog boxes, 272
symmetric geometric
constraint, 387
system printers, 213, 305, 325–326
system variables
APERTURE, 504
ATTDIA, 344
CULLINGOBJ, 459
CULLINGOBJSELECTION, 459
DEFAULTLIGHTING, 476
DELOBJ, 456
DIMASSOC, 281, 505
DIMSCALE, 273
ELEVATION, 430
LAYLOCKFADECTL, 157
LIGHTINGUNITS, 476
MBUTTONPAN, 85
MEASUREINIT, 64–65, 270
MEASUREMENT, 64–65, 270
MENUBAR, 505
MIRRHATCH, 297
MIRRTEXT, 187, 505–506
MTJIGSTRING, 509
OSNAPZ, 430, 506
overview, 503–504
PDMODE, 122
PDSIZE, 122
PERSPECTIVE, 437
PICKBOX, 506
PLINEREVERSEWIDTHS, 202
REGENMODE, 92
REMEMBERFOLDERS, 507
ROLLOVERTIPS, 507
TASKBAR, 508
TOOLTIPS, 507–508
using with dimensions, 267
VISRETAIN, 508
TTA
BLE command, 249–250
Table Style dialog box, 247–248
tables
block, 330
compatibility issues, 495
creating and editing, 249–251
overview, 247
styles, 247–249
TABLESTYLE command, 247
tags, attribute, 342
tangent geometric constraint, 387
TANgent mode, Object Snap, 135
Tangent-Tangent-Radius (Ttr)
setting for circles, 111
Tangent-Tangent-Tangent setting
for circles, 111
TASKBAR system variable, 508528 AutoCAD For Dummies
technical stuff icon, 5
Template Options dialog box, 78
templates
converting drawing files to, 79
create new drawing from, 71
creating, 77–81
default, 69–71
dimension styles, 268
folder for, finding, 80–81
overview, 61
for paper space, 220
QNEW command settings, 79
starting drawing from, 39–40
3D modeling, 426
temporary override, 140
Test Block tool, 377
text. See also dimensions; mText
command
adding to drawing, 224–225
annotative objects, 224, 226,
233, 244–247
block attributes, 340–345
commands for, 232
dimension, editing, 280–281
drawing scale, 230–231
geometric constraints, 388
justification, 232
multiline leaders, 251–254
overview, 223–224
scale and, 66
stretching, 186
styles, 226–230, 233
tables, 247–251
TEXT command, 232–235
TEXT command, 224, 232–235
text fields, 239
text height, 226, 229–231, 236,
272–273
Text Style dialog box, 226,
228–230, 272–273
Text tab, New/Modify Dimension
Style dialog boxes, 272–273
text window, enlarging, 32
TEXTTOFRONT command, 239
thickness property, 455
thousands delimiter, 12, 16
3D Basics workspace, 424
3D modeling
from 2D objects, 455–458
aligning objects, 460
background, 482–483
compatibility issues, 494
coordinate input, 428–429
drawing basic 3D objects,
452–453
editing solids, 461–464
generating 2D drawings from,
466–471
gizmos, working with, 459–460
hardware acceleration, 424, 425
Inventor files, 472–474
lighting, 475–479
materials, 479–482
mirroring, 461
model space viewports, 445–450
modification techniques, 458
object snaps and object snap
tracking, 429–430
older commands, 473
orbiting, 437–438
overview, 417–418, 443–445,
451–452, 465–466
point filters, 429
rendering, 442, 474–475, 484
solid modeling, 453–454
SteeringWheels, 440
subobject selection, 423, 459
templates, 426
3D Modeling workspace,
switching to, 425–426
tools for, 424, 426–427
types of 3D models, 422–423
UCS, managing, 430–436
ViewCube tool, 436, 438–440
viewing capabilities, 436–440,
471–472
viewpoints, 445, 450–451
visual styles, 440–442
3D Modeling workspace, 424,
425–427, 447
3D Object Snap, 125, 429
3D polyline, 452, 453
3D printing, 490–491
3DALign command, 460
3DARRAY command, 461
3DMOVE command, 459–460
3DOrbit, 437–438
3DPOLY command, 452, 453
3DROTATE command, 459–460
3DSCALE command, 459–460
3-Point setting for circles, 111
tiled viewports, 216, 446–450
tip icon, 5
title block, creating, 69
TOLerance command, 274
Tolerances tab, New/Modify
Dimension Style dialog
boxes, 274
Tool Palettes palette, 339, 379
toolsets, specialized, 512
tooltips, 27, 38–39
TOOLTIPS system variable,
507–508
Tour Building wheel, 440
transmittal setups, 410
transparency
of hatches, 296
overview, 148
setting, 153
toggling on/off, 155
TRim command, 177, 194–196
TrueType fonts, 227, 412, 493
2D Wireframe visual style,
441, 451
2-Point setting for circles, 111
Type options, for revision
clouds, 119
UUc
ommand, 206
UCS command, 433
UCS dialog box, 433–434, 435
UCS icon, 218, 424, 430–431,
434–435Index 529
Undo button, 207
UNDO command, 206
Undo option
COpy command, 182
TRim and EXtend
commands, 195
UNIon command, 461, 462
UNISOLATEobjects command, 174
units types, 62–65, 72–73
unloading xrefs, 365
user coordinate system (UCS),
128–129, 262, 430–436
user folder, finding, 80–81
user groups, AutoCAD, 501
user interface, 17, 20, 21–22. See
also specific user interface
elements
user-defined lighting, 475,
476–478
Vval
ues, attribute, 340, 344
variable height, 229–230
VBA programming language, 513
vector files, 14–15, 368, 486
verb-noun editing, 164, 175
vertex, 423
vertical (Y) coordinate, 16
vertical dimensional constraint,
396, 399
vertical geometric constraint, 387,
390–391
View Manager dialog box, 89–91,
483–484
View Object wheel, 440
View panel, Ribbon, 26
View tab, 3D Modeling workspace,
427, 450
VIEWBASE command, 467,
471, 472
ViewCube, 86, 436, 438–440,
448–449, 450
VIEWDETAIL command, 474
Viewpoint Presets dialog box,
437, 451
viewpoints, 445, 450–451
viewports
freezing layers in, 220
locking, 214, 217
model space, 216, 445–450
paper space, 213–214, 216–218
shape of, 219
Viewports dialog box, 447, 448
VIEWPROJ command, 468, 471
VIEWRES command, 92
views
named, 88–91
overview, 83–84
panning and zooming, 84–86
regenerating drawings, 91–92
3D modeling, 436–440, 471–472
Zoom options, 87–88
VIEWSECTION command, 474
visibility
dynamic blocks, 373–377
of geometric constraints, 388
of objects, 173–174
VISRETAIN system variable, 508
visual styles, 440–442, 448
Visual Styles Manager palette,
427, 442
Visualize tab, 3D Modeling
workspace, 427
Wwarn
ing icon, 5
Wblock command, 335
WCS (world coordinate system),
127–131, 431
web resources for AutoCAD,
500–501
weblights, 477
wheel mouse, zooming and
panning with, 52, 84–85
width, of polylines, 99, 101–102
window object selection, 168,
169, 170
Window option, Zoom
command, 88
Windows Clipboard, 182
Windows metafile (WMF), 487, 488
Windows user folder, finding,
80–81
wireframe models, 422
Wireframe visual style, 442
workspaces, 21, 40
world coordinate system (WCS),
127–131, 431
WPolygon object selection,
170, 172
XX(h
orizontal) coordinate, 16
X,Y plane, 428
X,Y separator, 12, 16
XLine command, 97–98
X-ray visual style, 442
xrefs
advantages of, 359–360
applications, 366–367
attaching, 360–362
automatic update feature, 360
versus blocks, 359
clipping, 366
editing, 362–363
layers, 362
managing, 365–366
Overlay mode, 361–362
overview, 331, 332, 347–348,
358–360
path settings, 361, 363–365
receiving drawings with,
411–412
YY(v
ertical) coordinate, 16
YouTube Autodesk channel, 500
ZZc
oordinate, 16, 428
ZIP files, 411
Zoom All command, 179
Zoom command, 41, 85, 87–88
zooming, 52, 83–85, 87–88
#أوتوديسك,#أتوكاد,#أوتوكاد,#Autodesk,#Autocad,#Auto_Cad,#Auto Cad,#أوتودسك,#أتوديسك,#أتودسك,
كلمة سر فك الضغط : books-world.net
The Unzip Password : books-world.net
أتمنى أن تستفيدوا من محتوى الموضوع وأن ينال إعجابكم
رابط من موقع عالم الكتب لتنزيل كتاب AutoCAD For Dummies - 19 th Edition
رابط مباشر لتنزيل كتاب AutoCAD For Dummies - 19 th Edition 
|
|
